Difference between revisions of "Binary coded decimal"

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It is very handy to use BCD when you need to present understandable numbers on screen like a score or similar data for the user/player.
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It is very handy to use BCD when you need to present understandable numbers on screen like a score or similar data for the user/player.<br>
 
+
Here's an example used to add up a [[Snippet:Score|Score]].
 
 
Here's a recommended way to use BCD and the ASD instructions, taken from Pac-Man.
 
Note the use of the important lnk instruction before asd:
 
 
 
<pre>
 
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
; Add score
 
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
; Adds a 4-byte decimal adjusted number to the score
 
; stored in r12 (Ku), r13 (Kl), r14 (Qu), r15 (Ql)
 
; Maximum score with four bytes is 100,000,000-1 (Stored as $FFFFFFFF)
 
 
 
; Score register in this example is 'O'24-'0'27
 
 
 
 
 
score.add:
 
lisu 2 ; ISAR set to O27
 
lisl 7
 
lr A, Ql ; load least significant score byte
 
asd S ; decimal add scratchpad (score_reg)
 
lr D, A ; save result and then decrease scratchpad
 
lr A, Qu ; load next byte into A
 
lnk ; add carry from previous operation
 
asd S ; decimal add scratchpad (byte 2)
 
lr D, A ; store result
 
lr A, Kl ; load next byte
 
lnk ; add carry from previous operation
 
asd S ; decimal add scratchpad (byte 3)
 
lr D, A ; store result
 
lr A, Ku ; load next byte
 
lnk ; add carry from previous operation
 
asd S ; decimal add scratchpad
 
lr D, A ; store result
 
; done
 
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Latest revision as of 17:45, 13 June 2022

Binary coded decimal (BCD) is a method by which 4-bit numbers are represented in digits 0-9, not 0-F. In the F8, BCD numbers can be added together using ASD or from memory using AMD (there is, however, no AID opcode, BCD Add Immediate). In a single byte, two digits can be stored, and the appropriate carry flags set if the number rolls over 99. Each digit is coded as the number + 6, so 0 should be loaded as 6, 1 as 7, 2 as 8, etc. This table shows the encoding for individual digits:

Digit | 4-bit Value
-------------------
    0 | %0110
    1 | %0111
    2 | %1000
    3 | %1001
    4 | %1010
    5 | %1011
    6 | %1100
    7 | %1101
    8 | %1110
    9 | %1111

It is very handy to use BCD when you need to present understandable numbers on screen like a score or similar data for the user/player.
Here's an example used to add up a Score.